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2024年国家开放大学答案
某影楼与甲约定：影楼为甲免费拍写真集，甲允许影楼使用其中一张照片作为影楼的橱窗广告。后甲发现自己的照片被用在一种性药品广告上。经查，制药公司是从该影楼花500元买到该照片的。下列说法哪些是正确的（）(多选题)
.某影楼侵害了甲的肖像权
.某影楼享有甲写真照片的版权
.某影楼的行为构成违约
.制药公司的行为侵害了甲的隐私权
“对不起，这次我们对你们照顾得太不周全了”属于（ ）病句。(单选题)
.主谓搭配不当
.述补搭配不当
.主宾搭配不当
.偏正搭配不当
（）综合模式的范围比较狭窄，目标明确。(单选题)
.专题
.主题
.单元
.环境
唐朝若没有从北朝带来的————和能征惯战的习性，其赫赫武功不可想象的。 答案：1 (填空题)
土壤污染物对食品安全的影响有（）(单选题)
.土壤中的重金属溶解于地表及地下水中，污染水源
.粮食和蔬菜吸收土壤中的重金属并在可食部分累计
.富集在植物体内的重金属进入食草动物
.以上都是
以下不属于健康管理策略的是：（ ）。(单选题)
.社区管理.,.
疾病管理.,.
生活方式管理.,.
需求管理.,.
灾难性病伤管理
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。（每题10分）<center>Notable Quality Management Failures</center>
A Quality Management System (QMS) should clearly understand customer requirements, and to provide good design, qualified production in an effective and efficient way.
When the Quality Management System fails to fulfill its function and customer requirements are not met, customers might be upset; management and employees both might be unhappy, but its negative influence is not so wide-spread. Unluckily, some Quality Management System failures do make headlines.
Here are three cases of famous quality management failures:
3 Mile Island
The worst nuclear disaster in U.S. history broke out at the 3 Mile Island reactor facility in eastern Pennsylvania in March 1979.Proper controls that should have been developed as part of routine safety procedures were not in place. Then the situation was made worse by human error because of the lack of proper training. The only new nuclear power stations built since that day were the ones already under construction.
Ford Pinto
TheFord Pintois the most well-known and the worst disaster in the whole U.S. automobile industry in the 1970s. Apparently the entire U.S. auto industry decided to spend the 1970s resting on their laurels after building great cars that sold well during the sixties. Not only were many cars built in the 1970s ugly and poorly designed, they also became very unreliable after 40-50 thousand miles. The Pinto tops the list of QMS failures because of its dangerous design faults and the questionable ethical decisions made by top management.
iPhone 4
Apple almost lost its dominance in the smartphone market when it became clear that it was difficult to make a call using the much expected iPhone 4. Calls were dropped suddenly and frequently causing wide spread dissatisfaction among loyal customers who had upgraded to the new model early on. Independent tests showed that touching the left side of the case at a certain spot interrupted the signal and dropped the call – not a great feature for a handheld device mainly used to make calls.Meanwhile Apple continued to deny or minimize the problem.As the problem continued to make news headlines, Apple eventually agreed to a “voluntary” recall to correct the problem.
All of the above famous quality management failures could probably have been prevented if the principles of a fully functioning quality management system had been in place.
操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。
provide well designed products. 1
2. place company.s interest at the first place. 2
3. understand customer needs. 3
4. satisfy all employees. requirements. 4
5. produce qualified products. 5 __3__(完形填空)
.T
.F
在下列选项中，属于无店铺零售业态的有（ ）。(多选题)
.电视购物.,.
邮购.,.
电话购物.,.
网上商店.,.
直销
企业家精神主要体现的是企业家的创新精神与风险承担精神。(判断题)
.对
.错
简述调查报告的主体结构的基本类型及其特点。(简答题)
学前儿童教育基本研究方法包括实验法（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
人们进入百货公司，各人注意的东西总不一样，这是知觉（）特性的表现。(单选题)
.选择性
.理解性
.整体性
.恒常性
.0
化妆可以公共场合、众目睽睽之下进行。(判断题)
.对
.错
一级大客流的判定标准是：站台聚集人数达到或大于站台有效区域的（），并且持续时间大于实际行车间隔时间。
(单选题)
.60%
.,.
70%
.,.
80%
.,.
90%
（1）All the world is 1 three parts –finger-feeders, chopstick-feeders, and fork-feeders.
（2）This means that fork-feeders are 2 two to one.
（3）People have eaten with their fingers for most of human 3
（4）French historian Fernand Braudel 4 a preacher in Germany who lived during the Middle Ages.
（5）a preacher in Germany who lived during the Middle Ages.5 because they made it easier to handle hot food.
（6）Some of the oldest Chinese chopsticks 6 1200 B.C.
（7）The general use of forks as eating utensils 7 the Byzantines in the tenth century A. D.
（8）It was considered 8 for sailors in the British Navy to use knives and forks because using them.
（9）There is a lot of 9 on the topic.
（10）Those who use one utensil often think people who don.t are 10 or even barbaric.__6__(完形填空)
.unmanly
.date from
.tells of
.disagreement
.existence
.uncivilized
.outnumbered
.favor
.started with
.divided into
.某影楼侵害了甲的肖像权
.某影楼享有甲写真照片的版权
.某影楼的行为构成违约
.制药公司的行为侵害了甲的隐私权
“对不起，这次我们对你们照顾得太不周全了”属于（ ）病句。(单选题)
.主谓搭配不当
.述补搭配不当
.主宾搭配不当
.偏正搭配不当
（）综合模式的范围比较狭窄，目标明确。(单选题)
.专题
.主题
.单元
.环境
唐朝若没有从北朝带来的————和能征惯战的习性，其赫赫武功不可想象的。 答案：1 (填空题)
土壤污染物对食品安全的影响有（）(单选题)
.土壤中的重金属溶解于地表及地下水中，污染水源
.粮食和蔬菜吸收土壤中的重金属并在可食部分累计
.富集在植物体内的重金属进入食草动物
.以上都是
以下不属于健康管理策略的是：（ ）。(单选题)
.社区管理.,.
疾病管理.,.
生活方式管理.,.
需求管理.,.
灾难性病伤管理
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。（每题10分）<center>Notable Quality Management Failures</center>
A Quality Management System (QMS) should clearly understand customer requirements, and to provide good design, qualified production in an effective and efficient way.
When the Quality Management System fails to fulfill its function and customer requirements are not met, customers might be upset; management and employees both might be unhappy, but its negative influence is not so wide-spread. Unluckily, some Quality Management System failures do make headlines.
Here are three cases of famous quality management failures:
3 Mile Island
The worst nuclear disaster in U.S. history broke out at the 3 Mile Island reactor facility in eastern Pennsylvania in March 1979.Proper controls that should have been developed as part of routine safety procedures were not in place. Then the situation was made worse by human error because of the lack of proper training. The only new nuclear power stations built since that day were the ones already under construction.
Ford Pinto
TheFord Pintois the most well-known and the worst disaster in the whole U.S. automobile industry in the 1970s. Apparently the entire U.S. auto industry decided to spend the 1970s resting on their laurels after building great cars that sold well during the sixties. Not only were many cars built in the 1970s ugly and poorly designed, they also became very unreliable after 40-50 thousand miles. The Pinto tops the list of QMS failures because of its dangerous design faults and the questionable ethical decisions made by top management.
iPhone 4
Apple almost lost its dominance in the smartphone market when it became clear that it was difficult to make a call using the much expected iPhone 4. Calls were dropped suddenly and frequently causing wide spread dissatisfaction among loyal customers who had upgraded to the new model early on. Independent tests showed that touching the left side of the case at a certain spot interrupted the signal and dropped the call – not a great feature for a handheld device mainly used to make calls.Meanwhile Apple continued to deny or minimize the problem.As the problem continued to make news headlines, Apple eventually agreed to a “voluntary” recall to correct the problem.
All of the above famous quality management failures could probably have been prevented if the principles of a fully functioning quality management system had been in place.
操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。
provide well designed products. 1
2. place company.s interest at the first place. 2
3. understand customer needs. 3
4. satisfy all employees. requirements. 4
5. produce qualified products. 5 __3__(完形填空)
.T
.F
在下列选项中，属于无店铺零售业态的有（ ）。(多选题)
.电视购物.,.
邮购.,.
电话购物.,.
网上商店.,.
直销
企业家精神主要体现的是企业家的创新精神与风险承担精神。(判断题)
.对
.错
简述调查报告的主体结构的基本类型及其特点。(简答题)
学前儿童教育基本研究方法包括实验法（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
人们进入百货公司，各人注意的东西总不一样，这是知觉（）特性的表现。(单选题)
.选择性
.理解性
.整体性
.恒常性
.0
化妆可以公共场合、众目睽睽之下进行。(判断题)
.对
.错
一级大客流的判定标准是：站台聚集人数达到或大于站台有效区域的（），并且持续时间大于实际行车间隔时间。
(单选题)
.60%
.,.
70%
.,.
80%
.,.
90%
（1）All the world is 1 three parts –finger-feeders, chopstick-feeders, and fork-feeders.
（2）This means that fork-feeders are 2 two to one.
（3）People have eaten with their fingers for most of human 3
（4）French historian Fernand Braudel 4 a preacher in Germany who lived during the Middle Ages.
（5）a preacher in Germany who lived during the Middle Ages.5 because they made it easier to handle hot food.
（6）Some of the oldest Chinese chopsticks 6 1200 B.C.
（7）The general use of forks as eating utensils 7 the Byzantines in the tenth century A. D.
（8）It was considered 8 for sailors in the British Navy to use knives and forks because using them.
（9）There is a lot of 9 on the topic.
（10）Those who use one utensil often think people who don.t are 10 or even barbaric.__6__(完形填空)
.unmanly
.date from
.tells of
.disagreement
.existence
.uncivilized
.outnumbered
.favor
.started with
.divided into