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2024年国家开放大学答案
按照交易对象的不同，电子交易可以分为（ ）。(多选题)
.企业与消费者
.企业与企业之间
.企业与政府之间
.政府与政府之间
有时候，在正式宴会结束前，会再上一块湿毛巾。和前者不同的是，它不是用来擦脸的，而只能用来（ ）。(单选题)
.擦嘴.,.
擦手.,.
以上都不对.,.
擦鞋
政府对建设工程质量监督的主要职能有（ ）(多选题)
.监督工程建设的各方主体的质量行为\xa0\xa0
.监督检查工程实体的工程质量\xa0\xa0
.监督工程各方的腐败行为
.财务监督职能\xa0
.监督管理职能\xa0
笔试的设计原则有（）。(多选题)
.较高的信度和效度
.实用性强
.客观严谨
.难度适中
举行远程计算机网络会议主要方式包括（ ）。(多选题)
.多媒体.,.
QQ群.,.
博客.,.
电子邮件
软件由计算机程序、规程以及运行计算机系统可能需要的相关文档和数据组成。(判断题)
.对
.错
以下关于非处方药给的管理要求描述有误的是（ ）。(单选题)
.非处方药的包装必须印有国家指定的非处方药专有标识.,.
非处方药的标签和说明书必须经过国家药品监督管理部门批准，用语要科学、易懂，便于消费者自行判断、选择和使用.,.
非处方药专有标识图案分为绿色和红色，绿色专有标识用于甲类非处方药品，红色专有标识用于乙类非处方药品和用作指南性标志.,.
非处方药可以在大众媒介上进行广告宣传，但广告内容必须经过审查、批准，不能任意夸大或篡改，以正确引导消费者科学、合理地进行自我药疗
说服对方的途径有哪些？
A-传递者的说服意图；B-传递者的立场；C–双方面说服；D-分散注意力；E-传递者的唤起能力。
1）1 谈判者在谈判过程中最好提到或强化对方的利益，而不让对方感到纯粹的为自己争取利益。2）2 如果接受者认为传递者没有操纵自己的意图，心理上没有阻抗，对信息的接受就好，易于转变态度。3）3 信息可以通过印发消极的情绪起作用，被称为唤起恐惧效应。研究发现，中等强度的畏惧信息能达到较好的说服效果。4）4 当呈现一个有说服力的信息，同时承认并且回应了主要反对观点。5）重复信息。沟通信息重复信息与说服效果呈倒U型关系。6）5 。如果使接受者分散了对沟通信息的注意，将会减弱接受者对传递者的防御和阻抗，从而促进态度的转变。(填空题)
接电话有“铃响不超过三遍法则”，即接听电话时不能让铃声响过三遍。(判断题)
.对
.错
二、阅读短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案。（每题10分）<a>
</a><center>Demand for Elderly Care Services in China Rising Rapidly</center>
The number of elderly people aged above 60 increased. Demand for elderly care services in China will continue to rise due to the increasing aging population. The number of elderly people aged above 60 was over 200 million in 2012, and will be 300 million in 2025 and 400 million in 2034, according to experts.
It will be a tough challenge for China to deal with, due to the increasing rates of urbanization and a decreasing birth rate. The Chinese people will be facing a big challenge if we do not have enough money when we get older.
The United Nations defines an aging society as one that has 10 percent of its population at or above the age of 60.
When most developed countries were classed as an aging society, their gross domestic product (GDP) per capita stood at between 5,000 to 10,000 U.S. dollars or above. However, China became an aging society in 2001, and its GDP per capita was only 1,000 U.S. dollars. It was 6,000 U.S. dollars in 2012. China’s economic foundation for an elderly society is fragile.
On Sept. 13.2013, the State Council issued a guideline to speed up the development of China’s elderly care services, hoping to complete a social care network for its elderly by 2025.<div>操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。</div>
1. What does the word “decreasing” in Paragraph 2 mean{#1}
A. It means “falling”.
B. It means “rising”.
C. It means “peaking”.
2. What does GDP stands for
A. Government Document Publishing Service.{#2}
B. Gross domestic product.
C. General domestic product.
3. What was China’s GDP per capita in 2012{#3}
A. It was 1,000 U.S. dollars.
B. It was 6,000 U.S. dollars.
C. It was 10,000 U.S. dollars.
4. Why is China’s economic foundation for an elderly society fragile？{#4}
A. Because of its increasing aging population and its low GDP per capita.
B. Because when China was classed as an aging society, our gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is high.
C. Because of its decreasing aging population and its high GDP per capita.
5. The passage implies that{#5}
A. Chinese government can do nothing to deal with the challenge of the increasing aging population
B. Chinese people don’t need enough money when they get older
C. The Chinese social care network is expected to be completed in the near future
1. What does the word “decreasing” in Paragraph 2 mean{#1}
A. It means “falling”.
B. It means “rising”.
C. It means “peaking”.
2. What does GDP stands for(analysis)
.A
.B
.C
1．度假游属于（ ）。(单选题)
.高端游
.中端游
.低端游
.以上都不是
综合题
木马是指带有恶意性质的远程控制软件，它以破坏计算机为目的。
(analysis)
.对
.错
在现代城市中一般情况下家庭的( )功能已经丧失。(单选题)
.生产
.生育
.消费
.赡养
公务员实行国家统一的职务与级别相结合的工资制度。(判断题)
.对
.错
关系市场营销是交易市场营销的一部分。(判断题)
.对
.错
.企业与消费者
.企业与企业之间
.企业与政府之间
.政府与政府之间
有时候，在正式宴会结束前，会再上一块湿毛巾。和前者不同的是，它不是用来擦脸的，而只能用来（ ）。(单选题)
.擦嘴.,.
擦手.,.
以上都不对.,.
擦鞋
政府对建设工程质量监督的主要职能有（ ）(多选题)
.监督工程建设的各方主体的质量行为\xa0\xa0
.监督检查工程实体的工程质量\xa0\xa0
.监督工程各方的腐败行为
.财务监督职能\xa0
.监督管理职能\xa0
笔试的设计原则有（）。(多选题)
.较高的信度和效度
.实用性强
.客观严谨
.难度适中
举行远程计算机网络会议主要方式包括（ ）。(多选题)
.多媒体.,.
QQ群.,.
博客.,.
电子邮件
软件由计算机程序、规程以及运行计算机系统可能需要的相关文档和数据组成。(判断题)
.对
.错
以下关于非处方药给的管理要求描述有误的是（ ）。(单选题)
.非处方药的包装必须印有国家指定的非处方药专有标识.,.
非处方药的标签和说明书必须经过国家药品监督管理部门批准，用语要科学、易懂，便于消费者自行判断、选择和使用.,.
非处方药专有标识图案分为绿色和红色，绿色专有标识用于甲类非处方药品，红色专有标识用于乙类非处方药品和用作指南性标志.,.
非处方药可以在大众媒介上进行广告宣传，但广告内容必须经过审查、批准，不能任意夸大或篡改，以正确引导消费者科学、合理地进行自我药疗
说服对方的途径有哪些？
A-传递者的说服意图；B-传递者的立场；C–双方面说服；D-分散注意力；E-传递者的唤起能力。
1）1 谈判者在谈判过程中最好提到或强化对方的利益，而不让对方感到纯粹的为自己争取利益。2）2 如果接受者认为传递者没有操纵自己的意图，心理上没有阻抗，对信息的接受就好，易于转变态度。3）3 信息可以通过印发消极的情绪起作用，被称为唤起恐惧效应。研究发现，中等强度的畏惧信息能达到较好的说服效果。4）4 当呈现一个有说服力的信息，同时承认并且回应了主要反对观点。5）重复信息。沟通信息重复信息与说服效果呈倒U型关系。6）5 。如果使接受者分散了对沟通信息的注意，将会减弱接受者对传递者的防御和阻抗，从而促进态度的转变。(填空题)
接电话有“铃响不超过三遍法则”，即接听电话时不能让铃声响过三遍。(判断题)
.对
.错
二、阅读短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案。（每题10分）<a>
</a><center>Demand for Elderly Care Services in China Rising Rapidly</center>
The number of elderly people aged above 60 increased. Demand for elderly care services in China will continue to rise due to the increasing aging population. The number of elderly people aged above 60 was over 200 million in 2012, and will be 300 million in 2025 and 400 million in 2034, according to experts.
It will be a tough challenge for China to deal with, due to the increasing rates of urbanization and a decreasing birth rate. The Chinese people will be facing a big challenge if we do not have enough money when we get older.
The United Nations defines an aging society as one that has 10 percent of its population at or above the age of 60.
When most developed countries were classed as an aging society, their gross domestic product (GDP) per capita stood at between 5,000 to 10,000 U.S. dollars or above. However, China became an aging society in 2001, and its GDP per capita was only 1,000 U.S. dollars. It was 6,000 U.S. dollars in 2012. China’s economic foundation for an elderly society is fragile.
On Sept. 13.2013, the State Council issued a guideline to speed up the development of China’s elderly care services, hoping to complete a social care network for its elderly by 2025.<div>操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。</div>
1. What does the word “decreasing” in Paragraph 2 mean{#1}
A. It means “falling”.
B. It means “rising”.
C. It means “peaking”.
2. What does GDP stands for
A. Government Document Publishing Service.{#2}
B. Gross domestic product.
C. General domestic product.
3. What was China’s GDP per capita in 2012{#3}
A. It was 1,000 U.S. dollars.
B. It was 6,000 U.S. dollars.
C. It was 10,000 U.S. dollars.
4. Why is China’s economic foundation for an elderly society fragile？{#4}
A. Because of its increasing aging population and its low GDP per capita.
B. Because when China was classed as an aging society, our gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is high.
C. Because of its decreasing aging population and its high GDP per capita.
5. The passage implies that{#5}
A. Chinese government can do nothing to deal with the challenge of the increasing aging population
B. Chinese people don’t need enough money when they get older
C. The Chinese social care network is expected to be completed in the near future
1. What does the word “decreasing” in Paragraph 2 mean{#1}
A. It means “falling”.
B. It means “rising”.
C. It means “peaking”.
2. What does GDP stands for(analysis)
.A
.B
.C
1．度假游属于（ ）。(单选题)
.高端游
.中端游
.低端游
.以上都不是
综合题
木马是指带有恶意性质的远程控制软件，它以破坏计算机为目的。
(analysis)
.对
.错
在现代城市中一般情况下家庭的( )功能已经丧失。(单选题)
.生产
.生育
.消费
.赡养
公务员实行国家统一的职务与级别相结合的工资制度。(判断题)
.对
.错
关系市场营销是交易市场营销的一部分。(判断题)
.对
.错