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2024年国家开放大学答案
林德布洛姆认为决策与政策的制定必然要受到（ ）的制约。(多选题)
.政治
.文化
.技术
.现行计划
下列属于社区人群预防冠心病的一级预防是（ ）(单选题)
.病情急变的抢救
.康复护理
.建立健康生活方式
.并发症的预防和治疗
.社区人群的监测和发病筛选
调压调速是直流调速系统的主要方法，而调节电枢电压需要有专门向电动机供电的可控直流电源。(判断题)
.对
.错
中国古代城市有下列几个基本要素ABC(多选题)
.统治机构
.居民区
.手工商业区
.休闲娱乐区
5．非均匀流一定是非恒定流。(判断题)
.对
.错
传统的测定行政效率的方法主要有（ ）。(多选题)
.行政费用测量法.,.
行政职能测量法.,.
综合测量法.,.
公共组织要素评分测量法.,.
标准比较法
危机事件的特点具有（ ）。(多选题)
.突发性.,.
协调性.,.
紧迫性.,.
不可变性.,.
危害性
煤矿的“一通三防”是指（）。(多选题)
.矿井通风
.瓦斯防治
.矿井水灾防治
.矿井火灾防治
.矿尘防治
研究表明，幼儿先掌握的实词，其词类掌握的先后顺序为： (多选题)
.名词.,.
动词.,.
形容词.,.
助词
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）<center>Human Resources Management</center>
<img alt="" height="136" src="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/279026/in-rich-contentcreated_at=1627279624" style="float: right;" width="262">
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.
In managing people, staffing is the most important component of HRM. It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement. Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays, absences, health and safety, disciplinary action, and dismissal.
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company. The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important. Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization. It is important for the staff to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities that are available to them. Performance management is another important component of HRM. The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization. This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization. The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization. It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.
The focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM. Successful management ensures that all employees know their role, career development and also feel part of an organization.
操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
____________is / are important in the success of a business. __1__
A. Teamwork spirit and high salary
B. The process of managing people and their relationships
C. Talents and their goals
2. The most important component of HRM is____________. __2__
A. staffing
B. planning
C. monitoring
3. According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through____________. __3__
A. notices
B. policies
C. advertisements
4. We can use____________ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases. __4__
A. staffing
B. HRM policies
C. performance management
5. ____________ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM. __5__
A. Regular planning and monitoring
B. Evaluation
C. Training__5__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C
电动式电控动力转向系统EPS采用的传感器包括下述几种传感器
（在下列①②③④选项中，至少有2项是正确的。点击你认为正确的选项组合）
①车速传感器。
②节气门位置传感器。
③转向角传感器。
④转矩传感器。(单选题)
.①、②、③
.①、②、④
.\xa0①、③、④
.②、③、④
抵押权人可以单独转让抵押权而保留债权。（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
幼儿教师在组织幼儿活动时应当较多使用概念化的语言，以便幼儿掌握更多的知识。(判断题)
.正确.,.
错误
最有防御意义的炎症改变是（）。(单选题)
.白细胞渗出
.分解代谢亢进
.局部酸中毒
.红细胞渗出
.炎症介质形成
如果边际消费倾向等于0.8，政府减少100万元税收将使国民收入增加（ ）(单选题)
.500万元.,.
80万元.,.
400万元.,.
100万元
.政治
.文化
.技术
.现行计划
下列属于社区人群预防冠心病的一级预防是（ ）(单选题)
.病情急变的抢救
.康复护理
.建立健康生活方式
.并发症的预防和治疗
.社区人群的监测和发病筛选
调压调速是直流调速系统的主要方法，而调节电枢电压需要有专门向电动机供电的可控直流电源。(判断题)
.对
.错
中国古代城市有下列几个基本要素ABC(多选题)
.统治机构
.居民区
.手工商业区
.休闲娱乐区
5．非均匀流一定是非恒定流。(判断题)
.对
.错
传统的测定行政效率的方法主要有（ ）。(多选题)
.行政费用测量法.,.
行政职能测量法.,.
综合测量法.,.
公共组织要素评分测量法.,.
标准比较法
危机事件的特点具有（ ）。(多选题)
.突发性.,.
协调性.,.
紧迫性.,.
不可变性.,.
危害性
煤矿的“一通三防”是指（）。(多选题)
.矿井通风
.瓦斯防治
.矿井水灾防治
.矿井火灾防治
.矿尘防治
研究表明，幼儿先掌握的实词，其词类掌握的先后顺序为： (多选题)
.名词.,.
动词.,.
形容词.,.
助词
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）<center>Human Resources Management</center>
<img alt="" height="136" src="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/279026/in-rich-contentcreated_at=1627279624" style="float: right;" width="262">
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.
In managing people, staffing is the most important component of HRM. It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement. Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays, absences, health and safety, disciplinary action, and dismissal.
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company. The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important. Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization. It is important for the staff to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities that are available to them. Performance management is another important component of HRM. The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization. This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization. The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization. It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.
The focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM. Successful management ensures that all employees know their role, career development and also feel part of an organization.
操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
____________is / are important in the success of a business. __1__
A. Teamwork spirit and high salary
B. The process of managing people and their relationships
C. Talents and their goals
2. The most important component of HRM is____________. __2__
A. staffing
B. planning
C. monitoring
3. According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through____________. __3__
A. notices
B. policies
C. advertisements
4. We can use____________ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases. __4__
A. staffing
B. HRM policies
C. performance management
5. ____________ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM. __5__
A. Regular planning and monitoring
B. Evaluation
C. Training__5__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C
电动式电控动力转向系统EPS采用的传感器包括下述几种传感器
（在下列①②③④选项中，至少有2项是正确的。点击你认为正确的选项组合）
①车速传感器。
②节气门位置传感器。
③转向角传感器。
④转矩传感器。(单选题)
.①、②、③
.①、②、④
.\xa0①、③、④
.②、③、④
抵押权人可以单独转让抵押权而保留债权。（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
幼儿教师在组织幼儿活动时应当较多使用概念化的语言，以便幼儿掌握更多的知识。(判断题)
.正确.,.
错误
最有防御意义的炎症改变是（）。(单选题)
.白细胞渗出
.分解代谢亢进
.局部酸中毒
.红细胞渗出
.炎症介质形成
如果边际消费倾向等于0.8，政府减少100万元税收将使国民收入增加（ ）(单选题)
.500万元.,.
80万元.,.
400万元.,.
100万元