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房地产开发与经营252
五个月前她得到杰利在战场上失踪的消息。
男人可以用报纸作为屏障与妻子隔开。
一个致力于在少数特定地区增加个人财富的政府系统永远不会为公众谋利益。
How America Lives
(1) Americans still follow many of the old ways. In a time of rapid changes it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to. Young people still get married. Of course, many do get divorced, but they remarry at astonishing rates. They have children, but fewer than before. They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently, and they want their children to have religious instruction. They are willing to pay taxes for education, and they generously support institutions like hospitals, museums and libraries. In fact, when you compare the America of today with that of 1950, the similarities are far greater than the differences.
(2) Americans seem to be growing conservative. The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned. It is as if our country spent the 1960s and 1970s jealously breaking out of old restraints and now wishes to put the brakes on. We should expect to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation.
(3) Patterns of courtship and marriage have changed radically. Where sex was concerned, I was raised in an atmosphere of suspicion, repression and Puritanism, and although husky young kids can survive almost anything, many in my generation suffered grievously. Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today, although I believe that it’s been difficult for some families to handle the changes.
(4) American women are changing the rules. Thirty years ago I could not have imagined a group of women employees suing a major corporation for millions of dollars of salary which, they alleged, had been denied them because they had been discriminated against. Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget. At work, at play, at all levels of living women are suggesting new rules.
(5) America is worried about its schools. If I had a child today, I would send her or him to a private school for the sake of safety, for the discipline that would be enforced and for the rigorous academic requirements. But I would doubt that the child would get any better education than l did in my good public school. The problem is that good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and I would not want to take the chance that the one I sent my children to was inadequate.
(6) Some Americans must live on welfare. Since it seems obvious that our nation can produce all its needs with only a part of the available work force, some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs. When I think of a typical welfare recipient I think of a young neighbor woman whose husband was killed in a tragic accident, leaving her with three young children. In the bad old days she might have known destitution, but with family assistance she was able to hold her children together and produced three fine, tax-paying citizens. America is essentially a compassionate society.
(7) America cannot find housing for its young families. I consider this the most serious danger confronting family life in America, and I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop. For more than a decade, travelers like me have been aware that in countries like Sweden, Denmark, Russia and India young people have found it almost impossible to acquire homes. In Sweden the customary wait was 11 years of marriage, and we used to ask, “what went wrong?” It seemed to us that a major responsibility of any nation would be to provide homes for its young people starting their families. Well, this dreadful social sickness has now overtaken the United States, and for the same reasons. The builders in our society find it profitable to erect three-bathroom homes that sell for $220,000 with a mortgage at 19 percent but find it impossible to erect small homes for young marrieds. For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that must be corrected.
(8) Our prospects are still good. We have a physical setting of remarkable integrity, the world’s best agriculture, a splendid wealth of minerals, great rivers for irrigation and an unsurpassed system of roads for transportation. We also have a magnificent mixture of people from all the continents with varied traditions and strengths. But most of all, we have a unique and balanced system of government.
(9) I think of America as having the oldest form of government on earth, because since we started our present democracy in 1789, every other nation has suffered either parliamentary change or revolutionary change. It is our system that has survived and should survive, giving the maximum number of people a maximum chance for happiness.
IV. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
1. Which of the following is NOT a major aspect of the American life discussed by the writer?
A. Family value and housing. B. Social welfare and education.
C. Agriculture and transportation. D. Marriage and women’s social status.
2. The author welcomes the freer patterns of today’s courtship and marriage ______.
A. since nobody can survive almost anything
B. because many young kids of his time suffered bitterly
C. although all the families find it difficult to deal with the changes
D. whether or not these changes have indicated a decided turn to the right
3. American public schools today are ______.
A. no better than those decades ago
B. no worse than those in the past
C. less desirable than they used to be
D. more desirable than private schools
4. Builders seem not willing to put up small homes for young married couples because ______.
A. there is no market demand for small houses
B. America is a nation impotent to house its young people
C. most young people would dream of having larger homes
D. it is not very lucrative for builders to put up small houses
5. The America of today is similar with that of 1950, a case in point is ______.
A. young people have more children than their parents did
B. young people do many things in the same ways as their parents did
C. American people are reluctant to donate money to public services
D. many young people are cautious about getting re-married after a divorce
6. Which of the following is a serious problem that exists in American society?
A. American women are changing the rules.
B. America cannot provide homes for its young people.
C. American public schools are as good as private schools.
D. None of the jobless can enjoy more welfare than before.
7. As the writer expects to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation, he is somewhat ______.
A. radical B. cynical
C. conservative D. open-minded
8. Obviously, the writer is ______ the major changes that have taken place and that are occurring in American life.
A. in favor of B. enraged by
C. critical of D. worried about
9. The American system of government has survived and should survive, because ______.
A. it is truly democratic
B. it is the oldest on earth
C. it has experienced numerous changes
D. it offers its people chances of happiness
10. This essay is ______.
A. narrative B. expository
C. descriptive D. argumentative
Bright Sparks
(1) By the time Laszlo Polagar’s first baby was born in 1969 he already had firm views on child-rearing. An eccentric citizen of communist Hungary, he had written a book called “Bring up Genius!” and one of his favorite sayings was “Geniuses are made, not born”.
(2) An expert on the theory of chess, he proceeded to teach little Zsuzsa at home, spending up to ten hours a day on the game. Two more daughters were similarly hot-housed. All three obliged their father by becoming world-class players. The youngest, Judit, is currently ranked 13th in the world, and is by far the best female chess player of all time.
(3) Would the experiment have succeeded with a different trio of children? If any child can be turned into a star, then a lot of time and money are being wasted worldwide on trying to pick winners.
(4) America has long held “talent searches”, using test results and teacher recommendations to select children for advanced school courses, summer schools and other extra tuition. This provision is set to grow. In his state-of-the-union address in 2006, President George Bush announced the “American Competitiveness Initiative”, which, among much else, would train 70,000 high-school teachers to lead advanced courses for selected pupils in mathematics and science. Just as the super powers’ space race made Congress put money into science education, the thought of China and India turning out hundreds of thousands of engineers and scientists is scaring America into stimulating its brightest to do their best.
(5) The philosophy behind this talent search is that ability is innate; that it can be diagnosed with considerable accuracy; and that it is worth cultivating.
(6) In America, bright children are ranked as “moderately”, “highly”, “exceptionally” and “profoundly” gifted. The only chance to influence innate ability is thought to be in the womb or the first couple of years of life. Hence the craze for “teaching aids” such as videos and flashcards for newborns, and “whale sounds” on tape which a pregnant mother can strap to her belly.
(7) In Britain, there is a broadly similar belief in the existence of innate talent, but also an egalitarian (平等主义的) sentiment which makes people queasy about the idea of investing resources in grooming intelligence.
(8) Teachers are often opposed to separate provision for the best-performing children, saying any extra help should go to stragglers. In 2002, in a bid to help the able while leaving intact the ban on most selection by ability in state schools, the government set up the National Academy for Gifted and Talented Youth. This outfit runs summer schools and master classes for children nominated by their schools. To date, though, only seven in ten secondary schools have nominated even a single child. Last year all schools were told they must supply the names of their top 10%.
(9) Picking winners is also the order of the day in excommunist states, a hangover from the times when talented individuals were plucked from their homes and ruthlessly trained for the glory of the nation. But in many other countries, opposition to the idea of singling out talent and grooming it runs deep. In Scandinavia, a belief in virtues like modesty and social solidarity makes people flinch from the idea of treating brainy children differently.
(10) And in Japan there is a widespread belief that all children are born with the same innate abilities - and should therefore be treated alike. All are taught together, covering the same syllabus at the same rate until they finish compulsory schooling. Those who learn quickest are expected then to teach their classmates.
(11) Statistics give little clue as to which system is best. The performance of the most able is heavily affected by factors other than state provision. Most state education in Britain is nominally non-selective, but middle-class parents try to live near the best schools. Ambitious Japanese parents have made private, out-of-school tuition a thriving business. And Scandinavia’s egalitarianism might work less well in places with more diverse populations and less competent teachers. For what it’s worth, the statistical data suggest that some countries, like Japan and Finland, can avoid selection and still thrive. But that does not mean that any country can ditch selection and do as well.
(12) Mr. Polgar thought any child could be a prodigy given the right teaching, an early start and enough practice. Some say the key to success is simply hard graft. Judit, the youngest of the Polgar sisters, was the most driven, and the most successful; Zsofia, the middle one, was regarded as the most talented, but she was the only one who did not achieve the status of grand master. “Everything came easiest to her,” said her older sister. “But she was lazy.”
In this section, there are ten incomplete statements followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
1. In their childhood, the three daughters of Polagar _____.
A. played chess in house all day long
B. had plenty of intense training on chess
C. took various lessons on games in house
D. revealed their talent in playing chess
2. In paragraph 3, the author tends to _____ Polagar’s view on child-rearing.
A. support B. despise
C. question D. defend
3. In America, student winners are usually picked out on the basis of _____.
A. test results and praises from teachers
B. teacher recommendations and test papers
C. test scores and teacher recommendations
D. self-presentation and teachers’ evaluations
4. The American “talent searches” is based on the belief that _____.
A. there is no innate ability
B. few have inborn talent
C. education can help develop talent
D, one’s innate ability can be measured
5. In paragraph 7, the word “queasy” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. curious B. worried
C. unhappy D. comfortable
6. According to the passage, in Britain, _____.
A. state schools are forbidden to select winners by talent
B. state schools are allowed to select students by ability
C. secondary schools are eager to pick talented students
D. the government is entitled to picking talented children
7. In paragraph 8, the word “outfit” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. corporation B. community
C. government D. organization
8. In Scandinavia, people value virtues like modesty and social solidarity, so they _____.
A. approve of the idea of selecting different brains
B. single out the talented children from the dull ones
C. refuse to teach talented children in normal ways
D. avoid picking talented children for special education
9. In paragraph 11, the word “ditch” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. abandon B. embrace
C. welcome D. denounce
10. Of the Polgar sisters, _____.
A. all achieved the status of grand master
B. two became world-class chess players
C. the youngest was the most diligent one
D. the eldest was under the greatest pressure
Why Go to Canada?
(1) Huge, scenic and sparsely populated, Canada was rated by the United Nations Human Development Index as the best country to live in. The land of new hopes
(2) Very few people really understand or know anything about the process of immigration application. First of all a potential immigrant needs to know has designed a point system to assess potential independent immigrants. Emphasis is placed on education, practical training, experience and the likelihood of successful settlement in Canada. This means that people with a bachelor degree of some kind and advanced technical or other skills that are in demand in Canada are more likely to be accepted. The Government also adds weight to an application if the individual is fluent in Canada’s official langitThis provides an opportunity for ex
( 3 ) If you think you fulfill all the criteria you can eastion by yourself. The Canadialy states: “Any one can apply without the help of a third party”. As often happens in these situations, unscrupulous agents can take advantage of people who think that the only way they can immigrate is by paying huge amounts of money. People who want to become immigrants should carefully investigate the reputation and qualifications of third parties who offer their services for a fee. So why bother to use an immigration
( 4 ) Actually there are many good reasons why so me professionals do is simply fill out forms and send them to the Canadian Embassy with the required fees and documents! Some individuals (who can be referred to as “unscrupulous agents”) may fail to send in the correct documents, delay the clients’ application delivery, talk an unqualified candidate into buying their services despite the high possibility that the visa application will be refused or even suggest their clients supply fraudulent documents that are often discovered by the Canadian Embassy. Conversely, a highreliable immigration firm should provide these services for its clients:
(5) Firstly, an intending immigrant must first be well aware of his chances of success. A substantial amount of necessary payment and the potential impact on an applicant’s life can be avoided. A highly experienced immigration professional is capable of assessing a client’s chances of success with an extremely high degree of certainty. In the case of a most unfavorable application, he discourages the client’s application.
6) Secondly, depending on an effective interpretation of the selection rules as well as accumulated experiences, an experienced immigration professional highlights the applicant’s qualities and helps persuade visa officials that the applicant is worthy of selection and meets all the selection criteria. If a person doesn’t seem qualified, the adviser tries to find out other alternatives that may exist to make him a successful applicant. Such instances where qualified persons were discouraged from making applications are numerous. For example, a computer programmer whose professional skills are highly sought after in the Canadian labor market may be considered unqualified by the variance of their job description to the specifications in the National Occupational Descriptions published by the Canadian Government. An experienced immigration professional avoids areas of potential misunderstanding and best e
(7) Thirdly, the presentation or package of the application often makes a decisive impression on the visa officer. An experienced immigration professional identifies what type of information can be supplied that is most likely to favorably impress the visa officer considering the application.
( 8 ) Fourthly, in the case of a person who simply does not qualify, an immigration professional indicates the reasons that may lead to their visa application refusal and tries to find out ways to improve qualified.
( 9 ) Fifthly, sometimes even highly qualified candidates finally end up in dismay for want of knowledge on migration affairs or misinterpretation of Canadian migration rules. In many ccovery, a supposedly successful application will be rejected and the applicant’s personal credibility in future applications is ruined. A migration professional explains and convinces the visa officers that a person is highly qualified despite some minor factors that may be unfavorable to his application.
(10) Sixthly, a seasoned immigration professional helps identify potential problems and provides advice in advance. An immigration professional is expected to be familiar with immigration law, she/he advisecuments, what evidence needs to be acquired to help support the candidate, and what should be avoided that may cause a negative impact on the application.
In this section, there are ten incomplete statees marked A, on your Answer Sheet. (10 points, 1 point for each)
1. “People with a bachelor degree” in Paragraph 2 are ______.
A. holders of a first university degree
B. holders of a second university degree
C. people who have received the highest university degree
D. people who have never been married
2. Business people can immigrate to Canada after they have made a substantial investment ____.
A. in their own country
B. in both Canada and their own country
C. in Canada
D. in either Canada or their own country
3. The writer of this article ______.
A. suggests that an applicant use an immigrant agent even when an application is easy
B. disapproves of using an immigrant agent if application is easy
C. thinks that third parties should not charge a fee for their services
D. believes that all immigration agents are unscrupulous
4. Immigration professionals should ______.
A. suggest their clients supply fraudulent documents
B. delay the clients’ application delivery
C. talk an unqualified candidate into buying their services
D. send in the correct documents
5. In the case of a most unfavorable application, a highly experienced immigration professional
______.
A. encourages the client’s application
B. highlights the applicant’s qualities and helps persuade visa officers that the applicant is Worthy of selection and meets all the selection criteria
C. does not charge a fee for their service
D. discourages the client’s application
6. In the case of clients who do not qualify, an immigration professional ______.
A. needs to know something about the rules and regulations of the Canadian Government
B. explains the reason why their clients’ visa application might be refused and tries to find out ways to improve their circumstances so they become qualified
C. would suggest that they apply for immigration on their own behalf
D. would simply discourage the clients from making application
7. Canada is all the following EXCEPT ______.http://bbs.zikao5.com 自考资料,自考白皮书
A. populous B. large in size
C. beautiful D. thinly populated
8. If you intend to immigrate, ______.
A. you must apply on your own
B. you could either try to apply on your own or seek help from an immigration firm
C. you have to seek the help of a third party
D. you have to make a substantial investment in Canada
9. This passage is ______.
A. narrative B. expository
C. descriptive D. argumentative
10. The most suitable heading for Paragraph 2 is ______.http://bbs.zikao5.com 自考资料,自考白皮书
A. Anticipating problems
B. Either way, you make a choice
C. Two types of immigrants
D. Hiring professionals to apply on your behalf
Bright Sparks
(1) By the time Laszlo Polagar’s first baby was born in 1969 he already had firm views on child-rearing. An eccentric citizen of communist Hungary, he had written a book called “Bring up Genius!” and one of his favorite sayings was “Geniuses are made, not born”.
(2) An expert on the theory of chess, he proceeded to teach little Zsuzsa at home, spending up to ten hours a day on the game. Two more daughters were similarly hot-housed. All three obliged their father by becoming world-class players. The youngest, Judit, is currently ranked 13th in the world, and is by far the best female chess player of all time.
(3) Would the experiment have succeeded with a different trio of children? If any child can be turned into a star, then a lot of time and money are being wasted worldwide on trying to pick winners.
(4) America has long held “talent searches”, using test results and teacher recommendations to select children for advanced school courses, summer schools and other extra tuition. This provision is set to grow. In his state-of-the-union address in 2006, President George Bush announced the “American Competitiveness Initiative”, which, among much else, would train 70,000 high-school teachers to lead advanced courses for selected pupils in mathematics and science. Just as the super powers’ space race made Congress put money into science education, the thought of China and India turning out hundreds of thousands of engineers and scientists is scaring America into stimulating its brightest to do their best.
(5) The philosophy behind this talent search is that ability is innate; that it can be diagnosed with considerable accuracy; and that it is worth cultivating.
(6) In America, bright children are ranked as “moderately”, “highly”, “exceptionally” and “profoundly” gifted. The only chance to influence innate ability is thought to be in the womb or the first couple of years of life. Hence the craze for “teaching aids” such as videos and flashcards for newborns, and “whale sounds” on tape which a pregnant mother can strap to her belly.
(7) In Britain, there is a broadly similar belief in the existence of innate talent, but also an egalitarian (平等主义的) sentiment which makes people queasy about the idea of investing resources in grooming intelligence.
(8) Teachers are often opposed to separate provision for the best-performing children, saying any extra help should go to stragglers. In 2002, in a bid to help the able while leaving intact the ban on most selection by ability in state schools, the government set up the National Academy for Gifted and Talented Youth. This outfit runs summer schools and master classes for children nominated by their schools. To date, though, only seven in ten secondary schools have nominated even a single child. Last year all schools were told they must supply the names of their top 10%.
(9) Picking winners is also the order of the day in excommunist states, a hangover from the times when talented individuals were plucked from their homes and ruthlessly trained for the glory of the nation. But in many other countries, opposition to the idea of singling out talent and grooming it runs deep. In Scandinavia, a belief in virtues like modesty and social solidarity makes people flinch from the idea of treating brainy children differently.
(10) And in Japan there is a widespread belief that all children are born with the same innate abilities - and should therefore be treated alike. All are taught together, covering the same syllabus at the same rate until they finish compulsory schooling. Those who learn quickest are expected then to teach their classmates.
(11) Statistics give little clue as to which system is best. The performance of the most able is heavily affected by factors other than state provision. Most state education in Britain is nominally non-selective, but middle-class parents try to live near the best schools. Ambitious Japanese parents have made private, out-of-school tuition a thriving business. And Scandinavia’s egalitarianism might work less well in places with more diverse populations and less competent teachers. For what it’s worth, the statistical data suggest that some countries, like Japan and Finland, can avoid selection and still thrive. But that does not mean that any country can ditch selection and do as well.
(12) Mr. Polgar thought any child could be a prodigy given the right teaching, an early start and enough practice. Some say the key to success is simply hard graft. Judit, the youngest of the Polgar sisters, was the most driven, and the most successful; Zsofia, the middle one, was regarded as the most talented, but she was the only one who did not achieve the status of grand master. “Everything came easiest to her,” said her older sister. “But she was lazy.”
Translation:
To date, though, only seven in ten secondary schools have nominated even a single child. Last year all schools were told they must supply the names of their top 10%.
Rock was actually a blend of country music and rhythm and blues (R & B) that was popular among black people during the early 1950.s.
The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned.
Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget.
Emphasis is placed on education, practical training, experience and the likelihood of successful settlement in Canada.
Such instances where qualified persons were discouraged from making applications are numerous.
An experienced immigration professional identifies what type of information can be supplied that is most likely to favorably impress the visa officer considering the application.
But in many other countries, opposition to the idea of singling out talent and grooming it runs deep.
And Scandinavia’s egalitarianism might work less well in places with more diverse populations and less competent teachers.
男人可以用报纸作为屏障与妻子隔开。
一个致力于在少数特定地区增加个人财富的政府系统永远不会为公众谋利益。
How America Lives
(1) Americans still follow many of the old ways. In a time of rapid changes it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to. Young people still get married. Of course, many do get divorced, but they remarry at astonishing rates. They have children, but fewer than before. They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently, and they want their children to have religious instruction. They are willing to pay taxes for education, and they generously support institutions like hospitals, museums and libraries. In fact, when you compare the America of today with that of 1950, the similarities are far greater than the differences.
(2) Americans seem to be growing conservative. The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned. It is as if our country spent the 1960s and 1970s jealously breaking out of old restraints and now wishes to put the brakes on. We should expect to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation.
(3) Patterns of courtship and marriage have changed radically. Where sex was concerned, I was raised in an atmosphere of suspicion, repression and Puritanism, and although husky young kids can survive almost anything, many in my generation suffered grievously. Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today, although I believe that it’s been difficult for some families to handle the changes.
(4) American women are changing the rules. Thirty years ago I could not have imagined a group of women employees suing a major corporation for millions of dollars of salary which, they alleged, had been denied them because they had been discriminated against. Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget. At work, at play, at all levels of living women are suggesting new rules.
(5) America is worried about its schools. If I had a child today, I would send her or him to a private school for the sake of safety, for the discipline that would be enforced and for the rigorous academic requirements. But I would doubt that the child would get any better education than l did in my good public school. The problem is that good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and I would not want to take the chance that the one I sent my children to was inadequate.
(6) Some Americans must live on welfare. Since it seems obvious that our nation can produce all its needs with only a part of the available work force, some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs. When I think of a typical welfare recipient I think of a young neighbor woman whose husband was killed in a tragic accident, leaving her with three young children. In the bad old days she might have known destitution, but with family assistance she was able to hold her children together and produced three fine, tax-paying citizens. America is essentially a compassionate society.
(7) America cannot find housing for its young families. I consider this the most serious danger confronting family life in America, and I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop. For more than a decade, travelers like me have been aware that in countries like Sweden, Denmark, Russia and India young people have found it almost impossible to acquire homes. In Sweden the customary wait was 11 years of marriage, and we used to ask, “what went wrong?” It seemed to us that a major responsibility of any nation would be to provide homes for its young people starting their families. Well, this dreadful social sickness has now overtaken the United States, and for the same reasons. The builders in our society find it profitable to erect three-bathroom homes that sell for $220,000 with a mortgage at 19 percent but find it impossible to erect small homes for young marrieds. For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that must be corrected.
(8) Our prospects are still good. We have a physical setting of remarkable integrity, the world’s best agriculture, a splendid wealth of minerals, great rivers for irrigation and an unsurpassed system of roads for transportation. We also have a magnificent mixture of people from all the continents with varied traditions and strengths. But most of all, we have a unique and balanced system of government.
(9) I think of America as having the oldest form of government on earth, because since we started our present democracy in 1789, every other nation has suffered either parliamentary change or revolutionary change. It is our system that has survived and should survive, giving the maximum number of people a maximum chance for happiness.
IV. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
1. Which of the following is NOT a major aspect of the American life discussed by the writer?
A. Family value and housing. B. Social welfare and education.
C. Agriculture and transportation. D. Marriage and women’s social status.
2. The author welcomes the freer patterns of today’s courtship and marriage ______.
A. since nobody can survive almost anything
B. because many young kids of his time suffered bitterly
C. although all the families find it difficult to deal with the changes
D. whether or not these changes have indicated a decided turn to the right
3. American public schools today are ______.
A. no better than those decades ago
B. no worse than those in the past
C. less desirable than they used to be
D. more desirable than private schools
4. Builders seem not willing to put up small homes for young married couples because ______.
A. there is no market demand for small houses
B. America is a nation impotent to house its young people
C. most young people would dream of having larger homes
D. it is not very lucrative for builders to put up small houses
5. The America of today is similar with that of 1950, a case in point is ______.
A. young people have more children than their parents did
B. young people do many things in the same ways as their parents did
C. American people are reluctant to donate money to public services
D. many young people are cautious about getting re-married after a divorce
6. Which of the following is a serious problem that exists in American society?
A. American women are changing the rules.
B. America cannot provide homes for its young people.
C. American public schools are as good as private schools.
D. None of the jobless can enjoy more welfare than before.
7. As the writer expects to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation, he is somewhat ______.
A. radical B. cynical
C. conservative D. open-minded
8. Obviously, the writer is ______ the major changes that have taken place and that are occurring in American life.
A. in favor of B. enraged by
C. critical of D. worried about
9. The American system of government has survived and should survive, because ______.
A. it is truly democratic
B. it is the oldest on earth
C. it has experienced numerous changes
D. it offers its people chances of happiness
10. This essay is ______.
A. narrative B. expository
C. descriptive D. argumentative
Bright Sparks
(1) By the time Laszlo Polagar’s first baby was born in 1969 he already had firm views on child-rearing. An eccentric citizen of communist Hungary, he had written a book called “Bring up Genius!” and one of his favorite sayings was “Geniuses are made, not born”.
(2) An expert on the theory of chess, he proceeded to teach little Zsuzsa at home, spending up to ten hours a day on the game. Two more daughters were similarly hot-housed. All three obliged their father by becoming world-class players. The youngest, Judit, is currently ranked 13th in the world, and is by far the best female chess player of all time.
(3) Would the experiment have succeeded with a different trio of children? If any child can be turned into a star, then a lot of time and money are being wasted worldwide on trying to pick winners.
(4) America has long held “talent searches”, using test results and teacher recommendations to select children for advanced school courses, summer schools and other extra tuition. This provision is set to grow. In his state-of-the-union address in 2006, President George Bush announced the “American Competitiveness Initiative”, which, among much else, would train 70,000 high-school teachers to lead advanced courses for selected pupils in mathematics and science. Just as the super powers’ space race made Congress put money into science education, the thought of China and India turning out hundreds of thousands of engineers and scientists is scaring America into stimulating its brightest to do their best.
(5) The philosophy behind this talent search is that ability is innate; that it can be diagnosed with considerable accuracy; and that it is worth cultivating.
(6) In America, bright children are ranked as “moderately”, “highly”, “exceptionally” and “profoundly” gifted. The only chance to influence innate ability is thought to be in the womb or the first couple of years of life. Hence the craze for “teaching aids” such as videos and flashcards for newborns, and “whale sounds” on tape which a pregnant mother can strap to her belly.
(7) In Britain, there is a broadly similar belief in the existence of innate talent, but also an egalitarian (平等主义的) sentiment which makes people queasy about the idea of investing resources in grooming intelligence.
(8) Teachers are often opposed to separate provision for the best-performing children, saying any extra help should go to stragglers. In 2002, in a bid to help the able while leaving intact the ban on most selection by ability in state schools, the government set up the National Academy for Gifted and Talented Youth. This outfit runs summer schools and master classes for children nominated by their schools. To date, though, only seven in ten secondary schools have nominated even a single child. Last year all schools were told they must supply the names of their top 10%.
(9) Picking winners is also the order of the day in excommunist states, a hangover from the times when talented individuals were plucked from their homes and ruthlessly trained for the glory of the nation. But in many other countries, opposition to the idea of singling out talent and grooming it runs deep. In Scandinavia, a belief in virtues like modesty and social solidarity makes people flinch from the idea of treating brainy children differently.
(10) And in Japan there is a widespread belief that all children are born with the same innate abilities - and should therefore be treated alike. All are taught together, covering the same syllabus at the same rate until they finish compulsory schooling. Those who learn quickest are expected then to teach their classmates.
(11) Statistics give little clue as to which system is best. The performance of the most able is heavily affected by factors other than state provision. Most state education in Britain is nominally non-selective, but middle-class parents try to live near the best schools. Ambitious Japanese parents have made private, out-of-school tuition a thriving business. And Scandinavia’s egalitarianism might work less well in places with more diverse populations and less competent teachers. For what it’s worth, the statistical data suggest that some countries, like Japan and Finland, can avoid selection and still thrive. But that does not mean that any country can ditch selection and do as well.
(12) Mr. Polgar thought any child could be a prodigy given the right teaching, an early start and enough practice. Some say the key to success is simply hard graft. Judit, the youngest of the Polgar sisters, was the most driven, and the most successful; Zsofia, the middle one, was regarded as the most talented, but she was the only one who did not achieve the status of grand master. “Everything came easiest to her,” said her older sister. “But she was lazy.”
In this section, there are ten incomplete statements followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
1. In their childhood, the three daughters of Polagar _____.
A. played chess in house all day long
B. had plenty of intense training on chess
C. took various lessons on games in house
D. revealed their talent in playing chess
2. In paragraph 3, the author tends to _____ Polagar’s view on child-rearing.
A. support B. despise
C. question D. defend
3. In America, student winners are usually picked out on the basis of _____.
A. test results and praises from teachers
B. teacher recommendations and test papers
C. test scores and teacher recommendations
D. self-presentation and teachers’ evaluations
4. The American “talent searches” is based on the belief that _____.
A. there is no innate ability
B. few have inborn talent
C. education can help develop talent
D, one’s innate ability can be measured
5. In paragraph 7, the word “queasy” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. curious B. worried
C. unhappy D. comfortable
6. According to the passage, in Britain, _____.
A. state schools are forbidden to select winners by talent
B. state schools are allowed to select students by ability
C. secondary schools are eager to pick talented students
D. the government is entitled to picking talented children
7. In paragraph 8, the word “outfit” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. corporation B. community
C. government D. organization
8. In Scandinavia, people value virtues like modesty and social solidarity, so they _____.
A. approve of the idea of selecting different brains
B. single out the talented children from the dull ones
C. refuse to teach talented children in normal ways
D. avoid picking talented children for special education
9. In paragraph 11, the word “ditch” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. abandon B. embrace
C. welcome D. denounce
10. Of the Polgar sisters, _____.
A. all achieved the status of grand master
B. two became world-class chess players
C. the youngest was the most diligent one
D. the eldest was under the greatest pressure
Why Go to Canada?
(1) Huge, scenic and sparsely populated, Canada was rated by the United Nations Human Development Index as the best country to live in. The land of new hopes
(2) Very few people really understand or know anything about the process of immigration application. First of all a potential immigrant needs to know has designed a point system to assess potential independent immigrants. Emphasis is placed on education, practical training, experience and the likelihood of successful settlement in Canada. This means that people with a bachelor degree of some kind and advanced technical or other skills that are in demand in Canada are more likely to be accepted. The Government also adds weight to an application if the individual is fluent in Canada’s official langitThis provides an opportunity for ex
( 3 ) If you think you fulfill all the criteria you can eastion by yourself. The Canadialy states: “Any one can apply without the help of a third party”. As often happens in these situations, unscrupulous agents can take advantage of people who think that the only way they can immigrate is by paying huge amounts of money. People who want to become immigrants should carefully investigate the reputation and qualifications of third parties who offer their services for a fee. So why bother to use an immigration
( 4 ) Actually there are many good reasons why so me professionals do is simply fill out forms and send them to the Canadian Embassy with the required fees and documents! Some individuals (who can be referred to as “unscrupulous agents”) may fail to send in the correct documents, delay the clients’ application delivery, talk an unqualified candidate into buying their services despite the high possibility that the visa application will be refused or even suggest their clients supply fraudulent documents that are often discovered by the Canadian Embassy. Conversely, a highreliable immigration firm should provide these services for its clients:
(5) Firstly, an intending immigrant must first be well aware of his chances of success. A substantial amount of necessary payment and the potential impact on an applicant’s life can be avoided. A highly experienced immigration professional is capable of assessing a client’s chances of success with an extremely high degree of certainty. In the case of a most unfavorable application, he discourages the client’s application.
6) Secondly, depending on an effective interpretation of the selection rules as well as accumulated experiences, an experienced immigration professional highlights the applicant’s qualities and helps persuade visa officials that the applicant is worthy of selection and meets all the selection criteria. If a person doesn’t seem qualified, the adviser tries to find out other alternatives that may exist to make him a successful applicant. Such instances where qualified persons were discouraged from making applications are numerous. For example, a computer programmer whose professional skills are highly sought after in the Canadian labor market may be considered unqualified by the variance of their job description to the specifications in the National Occupational Descriptions published by the Canadian Government. An experienced immigration professional avoids areas of potential misunderstanding and best e
(7) Thirdly, the presentation or package of the application often makes a decisive impression on the visa officer. An experienced immigration professional identifies what type of information can be supplied that is most likely to favorably impress the visa officer considering the application.
( 8 ) Fourthly, in the case of a person who simply does not qualify, an immigration professional indicates the reasons that may lead to their visa application refusal and tries to find out ways to improve qualified.
( 9 ) Fifthly, sometimes even highly qualified candidates finally end up in dismay for want of knowledge on migration affairs or misinterpretation of Canadian migration rules. In many ccovery, a supposedly successful application will be rejected and the applicant’s personal credibility in future applications is ruined. A migration professional explains and convinces the visa officers that a person is highly qualified despite some minor factors that may be unfavorable to his application.
(10) Sixthly, a seasoned immigration professional helps identify potential problems and provides advice in advance. An immigration professional is expected to be familiar with immigration law, she/he advisecuments, what evidence needs to be acquired to help support the candidate, and what should be avoided that may cause a negative impact on the application.
In this section, there are ten incomplete statees marked A, on your Answer Sheet. (10 points, 1 point for each)
1. “People with a bachelor degree” in Paragraph 2 are ______.
A. holders of a first university degree
B. holders of a second university degree
C. people who have received the highest university degree
D. people who have never been married
2. Business people can immigrate to Canada after they have made a substantial investment ____.
A. in their own country
B. in both Canada and their own country
C. in Canada
D. in either Canada or their own country
3. The writer of this article ______.
A. suggests that an applicant use an immigrant agent even when an application is easy
B. disapproves of using an immigrant agent if application is easy
C. thinks that third parties should not charge a fee for their services
D. believes that all immigration agents are unscrupulous
4. Immigration professionals should ______.
A. suggest their clients supply fraudulent documents
B. delay the clients’ application delivery
C. talk an unqualified candidate into buying their services
D. send in the correct documents
5. In the case of a most unfavorable application, a highly experienced immigration professional
______.
A. encourages the client’s application
B. highlights the applicant’s qualities and helps persuade visa officers that the applicant is Worthy of selection and meets all the selection criteria
C. does not charge a fee for their service
D. discourages the client’s application
6. In the case of clients who do not qualify, an immigration professional ______.
A. needs to know something about the rules and regulations of the Canadian Government
B. explains the reason why their clients’ visa application might be refused and tries to find out ways to improve their circumstances so they become qualified
C. would suggest that they apply for immigration on their own behalf
D. would simply discourage the clients from making application
7. Canada is all the following EXCEPT ______.http://bbs.zikao5.com 自考资料,自考白皮书
A. populous B. large in size
C. beautiful D. thinly populated
8. If you intend to immigrate, ______.
A. you must apply on your own
B. you could either try to apply on your own or seek help from an immigration firm
C. you have to seek the help of a third party
D. you have to make a substantial investment in Canada
9. This passage is ______.
A. narrative B. expository
C. descriptive D. argumentative
10. The most suitable heading for Paragraph 2 is ______.http://bbs.zikao5.com 自考资料,自考白皮书
A. Anticipating problems
B. Either way, you make a choice
C. Two types of immigrants
D. Hiring professionals to apply on your behalf
Bright Sparks
(1) By the time Laszlo Polagar’s first baby was born in 1969 he already had firm views on child-rearing. An eccentric citizen of communist Hungary, he had written a book called “Bring up Genius!” and one of his favorite sayings was “Geniuses are made, not born”.
(2) An expert on the theory of chess, he proceeded to teach little Zsuzsa at home, spending up to ten hours a day on the game. Two more daughters were similarly hot-housed. All three obliged their father by becoming world-class players. The youngest, Judit, is currently ranked 13th in the world, and is by far the best female chess player of all time.
(3) Would the experiment have succeeded with a different trio of children? If any child can be turned into a star, then a lot of time and money are being wasted worldwide on trying to pick winners.
(4) America has long held “talent searches”, using test results and teacher recommendations to select children for advanced school courses, summer schools and other extra tuition. This provision is set to grow. In his state-of-the-union address in 2006, President George Bush announced the “American Competitiveness Initiative”, which, among much else, would train 70,000 high-school teachers to lead advanced courses for selected pupils in mathematics and science. Just as the super powers’ space race made Congress put money into science education, the thought of China and India turning out hundreds of thousands of engineers and scientists is scaring America into stimulating its brightest to do their best.
(5) The philosophy behind this talent search is that ability is innate; that it can be diagnosed with considerable accuracy; and that it is worth cultivating.
(6) In America, bright children are ranked as “moderately”, “highly”, “exceptionally” and “profoundly” gifted. The only chance to influence innate ability is thought to be in the womb or the first couple of years of life. Hence the craze for “teaching aids” such as videos and flashcards for newborns, and “whale sounds” on tape which a pregnant mother can strap to her belly.
(7) In Britain, there is a broadly similar belief in the existence of innate talent, but also an egalitarian (平等主义的) sentiment which makes people queasy about the idea of investing resources in grooming intelligence.
(8) Teachers are often opposed to separate provision for the best-performing children, saying any extra help should go to stragglers. In 2002, in a bid to help the able while leaving intact the ban on most selection by ability in state schools, the government set up the National Academy for Gifted and Talented Youth. This outfit runs summer schools and master classes for children nominated by their schools. To date, though, only seven in ten secondary schools have nominated even a single child. Last year all schools were told they must supply the names of their top 10%.
(9) Picking winners is also the order of the day in excommunist states, a hangover from the times when talented individuals were plucked from their homes and ruthlessly trained for the glory of the nation. But in many other countries, opposition to the idea of singling out talent and grooming it runs deep. In Scandinavia, a belief in virtues like modesty and social solidarity makes people flinch from the idea of treating brainy children differently.
(10) And in Japan there is a widespread belief that all children are born with the same innate abilities - and should therefore be treated alike. All are taught together, covering the same syllabus at the same rate until they finish compulsory schooling. Those who learn quickest are expected then to teach their classmates.
(11) Statistics give little clue as to which system is best. The performance of the most able is heavily affected by factors other than state provision. Most state education in Britain is nominally non-selective, but middle-class parents try to live near the best schools. Ambitious Japanese parents have made private, out-of-school tuition a thriving business. And Scandinavia’s egalitarianism might work less well in places with more diverse populations and less competent teachers. For what it’s worth, the statistical data suggest that some countries, like Japan and Finland, can avoid selection and still thrive. But that does not mean that any country can ditch selection and do as well.
(12) Mr. Polgar thought any child could be a prodigy given the right teaching, an early start and enough practice. Some say the key to success is simply hard graft. Judit, the youngest of the Polgar sisters, was the most driven, and the most successful; Zsofia, the middle one, was regarded as the most talented, but she was the only one who did not achieve the status of grand master. “Everything came easiest to her,” said her older sister. “But she was lazy.”
Translation:
To date, though, only seven in ten secondary schools have nominated even a single child. Last year all schools were told they must supply the names of their top 10%.
Rock was actually a blend of country music and rhythm and blues (R & B) that was popular among black people during the early 1950.s.
The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned.
Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget.
Emphasis is placed on education, practical training, experience and the likelihood of successful settlement in Canada.
Such instances where qualified persons were discouraged from making applications are numerous.
An experienced immigration professional identifies what type of information can be supplied that is most likely to favorably impress the visa officer considering the application.
But in many other countries, opposition to the idea of singling out talent and grooming it runs deep.
And Scandinavia’s egalitarianism might work less well in places with more diverse populations and less competent teachers.