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2024年国家开放大学答案
横向思维与纵向思维是相互排斥的。（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
Read the essay. Drag and drop the essay composing structures 1)--4) into the blanks to match with the corresponding paragraphs.
Quick thinking and mobile phone save the day
1）1
Mobile phones are here to stay. According to a recent survey in the UK an overwhelmingnumber of teenagers (eighty-seven percent in fact) own one. Even so, there isconsiderable disagreement over whether they should be allowed on school premises.
2）2
The advantages of banning mobile phones are undeniable. To begin with, they disruptlessons and, to quote a British secondary school teacher, ‘destroy learning’. Students texteach other during lessons and have even been known to use SMS messages to cheat inexams. 11 What is more, supporters of a ban point out that mobile phone theft is a seriousissue in many schools. A final key argument is the disturbing rise in the number of casesof bullying by text message. 12 Research has shown that fourteen percent of teenagers havebeen bullied or threatened in this way at some time.
3）3
On the other hand, the arguments against a ban are extremely convincing. Teenagers andtheir parents alike are concerned about the question of safety, both in schools and onpublic transport nowadays, and see mobile phones as a vital way of keeping in touch. 13 Itcould also be argued that mobile phones may soon actually be used in class, for instanceas a means of finding out information if the Internet is not available.
4）4
All in all, although people have some strong arguments against allowing mobiles inschools, I feel that the issue of safety is of overriding importance. To my mind, it shouldbe possible to introduce clear rules to make sure that phones are not misused.__3__(完形填空)
.The introduction
.Arguments for the statement in the question
.Arguments against the statement in the question
.The conclusion, including your personal opinion
消渴症患者，症见多食善饥，大便秘结，形体消瘦，舌红，苔黄，脉滑有力。其证候是(单选题)
.胃热津伤
.肺热津伤
.肾虚津伤
.气阴两虚
教育能有效提高人的劳动能力。(判断题)
.对
.错
倾向于排斥、独立，情绪活动水平低的儿童的依恋模式是：(单选题)
.安全型
.回避型
.拒绝型
.无定向型
听证主持人由水行政处罚机关指定水政机构（ ）担任。(单选题)
.负责人
.工作人员
.非本案调查人员
.正职行政领导
下列能够体现中医辨证论治思想的是（ ）。(多选题)
.察外知内
.同病异治
.异病同治
.头痛医头，脚痛医脚
25、间接分销渠道主要用于缺乏出口经验能力、没有海外分销渠道和信息网络的中小生产企业；或面对潜力不大、风险较大的市场；一般适用于消费品。（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）<center>Human Resources Management</center>
<img alt="" height="136" src="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/279244/in-rich-contentcreated_at=1627279663" style="float: right;" width="262">
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.
In managing people, staffing is the most important component of HRM. It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement. Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays, absences, health and safety, disciplinary action, and dismissal.
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company. The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important. Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization. It is important for the staff to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities that are available to them. Performance management is another important component of HRM. The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization. This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization. The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization. It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.
The focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM. Successful management ensures that all employees know their role, career development and also feel part of an organization.
操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
____________is / are important in the success of a business. __1__
A. Teamwork spirit and high salary
B. The process of managing people and their relationships
C. Talents and their goals
2. The most important component of HRM is____________. __2__
A. staffing
B. planning
C. monitoring
3. According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through____________. __3__
A. notices
B. policies
C. advertisements
4. We can use____________ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases. __4__
A. staffing
B. HRM policies
C. performance management
5. ____________ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM. __5__
A. Regular planning and monitoring
B. Evaluation
C. Training__2__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C
简述如何预防儿童急性中耳炎。(简答题)
在测算地产的纯收益时，不能以违章建筑的纯收益作为测算依据，这是遵循了地产评估的（）。(单选题)
.替代原则
.贡献原则
.合法原则
.最有效使用原则
利用防火墙的（ ）功能，可以防止IP地址的盗用行为(单选题)
.防御攻击
.访问控制
.IP地址和MAC地址绑定
.URL过滤
练习2（多选）：美国学者罗杰科布的政策议程模型分为（ ）(多选题)
.结构平衡
.结构优良
.结构适度
.结构不良
（ ）是企业绩效管理的核心。(单选题)
.财务绩效.,.
内部业务.,.
市场份额.,.
客户
在肌力检查中，肌力分为（ ）级(单选题)
.3级
.6级
.5级
.7级
.对
.错
Read the essay. Drag and drop the essay composing structures 1)--4) into the blanks to match with the corresponding paragraphs.
Quick thinking and mobile phone save the day
1）1
Mobile phones are here to stay. According to a recent survey in the UK an overwhelmingnumber of teenagers (eighty-seven percent in fact) own one. Even so, there isconsiderable disagreement over whether they should be allowed on school premises.
2）2
The advantages of banning mobile phones are undeniable. To begin with, they disruptlessons and, to quote a British secondary school teacher, ‘destroy learning’. Students texteach other during lessons and have even been known to use SMS messages to cheat inexams. 11 What is more, supporters of a ban point out that mobile phone theft is a seriousissue in many schools. A final key argument is the disturbing rise in the number of casesof bullying by text message. 12 Research has shown that fourteen percent of teenagers havebeen bullied or threatened in this way at some time.
3）3
On the other hand, the arguments against a ban are extremely convincing. Teenagers andtheir parents alike are concerned about the question of safety, both in schools and onpublic transport nowadays, and see mobile phones as a vital way of keeping in touch. 13 Itcould also be argued that mobile phones may soon actually be used in class, for instanceas a means of finding out information if the Internet is not available.
4）4
All in all, although people have some strong arguments against allowing mobiles inschools, I feel that the issue of safety is of overriding importance. To my mind, it shouldbe possible to introduce clear rules to make sure that phones are not misused.__3__(完形填空)
.The introduction
.Arguments for the statement in the question
.Arguments against the statement in the question
.The conclusion, including your personal opinion
消渴症患者，症见多食善饥，大便秘结，形体消瘦，舌红，苔黄，脉滑有力。其证候是(单选题)
.胃热津伤
.肺热津伤
.肾虚津伤
.气阴两虚
教育能有效提高人的劳动能力。(判断题)
.对
.错
倾向于排斥、独立，情绪活动水平低的儿童的依恋模式是：(单选题)
.安全型
.回避型
.拒绝型
.无定向型
听证主持人由水行政处罚机关指定水政机构（ ）担任。(单选题)
.负责人
.工作人员
.非本案调查人员
.正职行政领导
下列能够体现中医辨证论治思想的是（ ）。(多选题)
.察外知内
.同病异治
.异病同治
.头痛医头，脚痛医脚
25、间接分销渠道主要用于缺乏出口经验能力、没有海外分销渠道和信息网络的中小生产企业；或面对潜力不大、风险较大的市场；一般适用于消费品。（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）<center>Human Resources Management</center>
<img alt="" height="136" src="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/279244/in-rich-contentcreated_at=1627279663" style="float: right;" width="262">
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.
In managing people, staffing is the most important component of HRM. It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement. Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays, absences, health and safety, disciplinary action, and dismissal.
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company. The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important. Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization. It is important for the staff to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities that are available to them. Performance management is another important component of HRM. The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization. This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization. The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization. It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.
The focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM. Successful management ensures that all employees know their role, career development and also feel part of an organization.
操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
____________is / are important in the success of a business. __1__
A. Teamwork spirit and high salary
B. The process of managing people and their relationships
C. Talents and their goals
2. The most important component of HRM is____________. __2__
A. staffing
B. planning
C. monitoring
3. According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through____________. __3__
A. notices
B. policies
C. advertisements
4. We can use____________ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases. __4__
A. staffing
B. HRM policies
C. performance management
5. ____________ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM. __5__
A. Regular planning and monitoring
B. Evaluation
C. Training__2__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C
简述如何预防儿童急性中耳炎。(简答题)
在测算地产的纯收益时，不能以违章建筑的纯收益作为测算依据，这是遵循了地产评估的（）。(单选题)
.替代原则
.贡献原则
.合法原则
.最有效使用原则
利用防火墙的（ ）功能，可以防止IP地址的盗用行为(单选题)
.防御攻击
.访问控制
.IP地址和MAC地址绑定
.URL过滤
练习2（多选）：美国学者罗杰科布的政策议程模型分为（ ）(多选题)
.结构平衡
.结构优良
.结构适度
.结构不良
（ ）是企业绩效管理的核心。(单选题)
.财务绩效.,.
内部业务.,.
市场份额.,.
客户
在肌力检查中，肌力分为（ ）级(单选题)
.3级
.6级
.5级
.7级