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2024年国家开放大学答案
环境法是国家进行（ ）的法律依据。(多选题)
.环境管理
.全面协调人与环境关系
.促进经济和社会
.可持续发展
The spread of English throughout the world resulted from British colonialism in the 19th century and American capitalism and technological progress in the 20th century.(判断题)
.对
.错
2．学前教育学研究常用的基本方法有1 、文献法、调查法、实验法等。(填空题)
存托凭证一般代表外国公司股票，有时也代表债券。(判断题)
.对
.错
头脑风暴的原则有(多选题)
.自由思考、自由畅想
.延迟评判，禁止批评
.以量求质，多多益善
.结合改善，借题发挥
为了达到某些特定目标．在分工合作墓础上构成的人的集合．这是( )．(单选题)
.组织的一般含义
.<p style="line-height: 24px;">组织的动态含义<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-indent: 21.75pt;">
.组织的静态含义
一般会客都采用并列式(判断题)
.对
.错
二、听力理解
听对话录音，根据对话内容完成下方题目（每题10分）。
<a href="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/audio/279298">音频</a>
操作提示：通过每题的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
What are health care programs mainly about __1__
2. What is the first part of community service health __2__
3. How can people help themselves avoid illness __3__
4. What areas are of growing concern __4__
5. Who typically provides bedside care __5____5__(完形填空)
.Alcoholism, depression and anxiety.
.Through diet, healthy living, cutting out smoking and so on.
.Communication.
.All aspects of promoting good health.
.Chronic sickness.
.The family.., "From a newborn baby all the way up to the end of one.s life.", .Information.
在公文行文中，下级向上级行文时，错误的是（ ）(单选题)
.属于部门职权范围内的事项应当直接报送上级主管部门.,.
抄送下级机关.,.
根据需要同时抄送相关上级机关和同级机关.,.
原则上主送一个上级机关
大庆精神的核心是？(单选题)
.奉献.,.
求实.,.
创业.,.
爱国
业主应当与业主大会选聘的物业服务企业订立书面的物业服务合同。（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）<center>Human Resources Management</center>
<img alt="" height="136" src="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/279292/in-rich-contentcreated_at=1627279673" style="float: right;" width="262">
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.
In managing people, staffing is the most important component of HRM. It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement. Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays, absences, health and safety, disciplinary action, and dismissal.
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company. The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important. Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization. It is important for the staff to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities that are available to them. Performance management is another important component of HRM. The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization. This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization. The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization. It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.
The focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM. Successful management ensures that all employees know their role, career development and also feel part of an organization.
操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
____________is / are important in the success of a business. __1__
A. Teamwork spirit and high salary
B. The process of managing people and their relationships
C. Talents and their goals
2. The most important component of HRM is____________. __2__
A. staffing
B. planning
C. monitoring
3. According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through____________. __3__
A. notices
B. policies
C. advertisements
4. We can use____________ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases. __4__
A. staffing
B. HRM policies
C. performance management
5. ____________ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM. __5__
A. Regular planning and monitoring
B. Evaluation
C. Training__5__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C
<p class="p1">二、完型填空（共50分）<p class="p1">操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。<p class="p1"> What is museum A museum is a good place to keep old and beautiful things. A museum may be a place to learn about science. A museum can be a place__1__art of Indians or animals. What is inside a museum Some museums have old cars and airplanes. Many museums have pictures and statues （雕像）. Others have rocks and old bones. One museum even has__2__coal mine inside! Many cities have museums. Some very small__3__have museums, too. Indianapolis has a__4__museum. Children do not have to pay to get in. Children go to the museum often. They like to look at the dinosaur bones. They see a white bear ten feet tall. They go inside an old log cabin （小木屋）. On Saturday, Indianapolis children can__5__talks about animals and trees. They see movies.__1__(完形填空)
.for
.on
.about
专家教师的总体特征表现在（ ）三个方面。(多选题)
.有强烈的成就动机
.是正直、诚实、有责任感的人
.善于学习，勤于实践
.善于挖掘学生的认知能力
以下观点中（ ）不是传统的培训观点。(单项选择题)
培训是在一种成本费用#培训为终身化学习趋势#培训为单纯的岗前技能培训#培训主要针对技术员工#
.环境管理
.全面协调人与环境关系
.促进经济和社会
.可持续发展
The spread of English throughout the world resulted from British colonialism in the 19th century and American capitalism and technological progress in the 20th century.(判断题)
.对
.错
2．学前教育学研究常用的基本方法有1 、文献法、调查法、实验法等。(填空题)
存托凭证一般代表外国公司股票，有时也代表债券。(判断题)
.对
.错
头脑风暴的原则有(多选题)
.自由思考、自由畅想
.延迟评判，禁止批评
.以量求质，多多益善
.结合改善，借题发挥
为了达到某些特定目标．在分工合作墓础上构成的人的集合．这是( )．(单选题)
.组织的一般含义
.<p style="line-height: 24px;">组织的动态含义<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-indent: 21.75pt;">
.组织的静态含义
一般会客都采用并列式(判断题)
.对
.错
二、听力理解
听对话录音，根据对话内容完成下方题目（每题10分）。
<a href="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/audio/279298">音频</a>
操作提示：通过每题的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
What are health care programs mainly about __1__
2. What is the first part of community service health __2__
3. How can people help themselves avoid illness __3__
4. What areas are of growing concern __4__
5. Who typically provides bedside care __5____5__(完形填空)
.Alcoholism, depression and anxiety.
.Through diet, healthy living, cutting out smoking and so on.
.Communication.
.All aspects of promoting good health.
.Chronic sickness.
.The family.., "From a newborn baby all the way up to the end of one.s life.", .Information.
在公文行文中，下级向上级行文时，错误的是（ ）(单选题)
.属于部门职权范围内的事项应当直接报送上级主管部门.,.
抄送下级机关.,.
根据需要同时抄送相关上级机关和同级机关.,.
原则上主送一个上级机关
大庆精神的核心是？(单选题)
.奉献.,.
求实.,.
创业.,.
爱国
业主应当与业主大会选聘的物业服务企业订立书面的物业服务合同。（ ）(判断题)
.对
.错
二、阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）<center>Human Resources Management</center>
<img alt="" height="136" src="http://lms.ouchn.cn:80/api/uploads/279292/in-rich-contentcreated_at=1627279673" style="float: right;" width="262">
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.
In managing people, staffing is the most important component of HRM. It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement. Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays, absences, health and safety, disciplinary action, and dismissal.
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company. The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important. Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization. It is important for the staff to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities that are available to them. Performance management is another important component of HRM. The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization. This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization. The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization. It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.
The focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM. Successful management ensures that all employees know their role, career development and also feel part of an organization.
操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
____________is / are important in the success of a business. __1__
A. Teamwork spirit and high salary
B. The process of managing people and their relationships
C. Talents and their goals
2. The most important component of HRM is____________. __2__
A. staffing
B. planning
C. monitoring
3. According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through____________. __3__
A. notices
B. policies
C. advertisements
4. We can use____________ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases. __4__
A. staffing
B. HRM policies
C. performance management
5. ____________ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM. __5__
A. Regular planning and monitoring
B. Evaluation
C. Training__5__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C
<p class="p1">二、完型填空（共50分）<p class="p1">操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。<p class="p1"> What is museum A museum is a good place to keep old and beautiful things. A museum may be a place to learn about science. A museum can be a place__1__art of Indians or animals. What is inside a museum Some museums have old cars and airplanes. Many museums have pictures and statues （雕像）. Others have rocks and old bones. One museum even has__2__coal mine inside! Many cities have museums. Some very small__3__have museums, too. Indianapolis has a__4__museum. Children do not have to pay to get in. Children go to the museum often. They like to look at the dinosaur bones. They see a white bear ten feet tall. They go inside an old log cabin （小木屋）. On Saturday, Indianapolis children can__5__talks about animals and trees. They see movies.__1__(完形填空)
.for
.on
.about
专家教师的总体特征表现在（ ）三个方面。(多选题)
.有强烈的成就动机
.是正直、诚实、有责任感的人
.善于学习，勤于实践
.善于挖掘学生的认知能力
以下观点中（ ）不是传统的培训观点。(单项选择题)
培训是在一种成本费用#培训为终身化学习趋势#培训为单纯的岗前技能培训#培训主要针对技术员工#